Circadian rhythm related to mantids

Praying mantises, specifically Hierodula patellifera, exhibit circadian rhythms that influence their visual physiology, behavior, and locomotion. These rhythms are entrained by light-dark cycles and manifest in changes in photoreceptor sensitivity, compound eye color, and locomotor activity. Elaboration:
  • Visual Physiology:
    Studies using electroretinograms (ERGs) have shown that the sensitivity of photoreceptors in H. patellifera increases during the night and decreases during the day. The pigment within their compound eyes also aligns with light-dark cycles, darkening during the night and lightening in the morning
    Behavior and Locomotion:
    The behavior of H. patellifera is closely linked to environmental light cycles. More activity has been observed during the day compared to the night, with a peak in activity around the light-dark transition.
    Parasite-Induced Changes:
    In some cases, parasites can manipulate a mantis's circadian rhythm and polarized-light perception, leading to increased activity and water-entering behavior at midday, according to a Kobe University study. 

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